Originally published as an entry in the Blackwell Companion to Jewish Culture: from the Eighteenth Century to the Present, ed. Glenda Abramson (Oxford; Cambridge, MA: Blackwell Reference, 1989), 19. Repr. in new ed. of this work, Encyclopedia of modern Jewish culture [‘EMJC’], vol. 1 (London; New York: Routledge, 2005), 18. [Bibliography updated.] Rabbi, thinker, and…